A 47-year-old woman with no medical history presented with swelling, pain, and reddish discoloration of the right arm and hand after strenuous effort. Findings on ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were normal. The . . .

An otherwise healthy 15-year-old girl reported progressively worsening pain and redness in her left eye during the previous 2 months. The diagnosis of scleritis with peripheral ulcerative keratitis in the left eye (Panel A) . . .

A 10-year-old previously healthy girl presented with episodic wheezing, dyspnea, and progressive exercise intolerance, which had developed during the preceding 9 months. On physical examination, the patient had moderate bilateral expiratory wheezing. She was treated . . .

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common peripheral vestibular disorder. It is caused by loose otoconia, which detach from the utricular macula and fall into any one of the three semicircular canals. Patients report . . .

A 52-year-old man presented with lethargy and acute hyponatremia associated with alcohol intoxication and poor oral intake. He had a history of total esophagogastrectomy with jejunal anastomosis owing to necrotic injury from ingestion of a . . .

A 38-year-old man was transferred to the Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Unit with decompression sickness 9 hours after a deep scuba dive to 54 m (177 ft). During the ascent, he had omitted decompression stops. . . .

A 50-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of pulsatile tinnitus in the right ear without any hearing loss. One year earlier, she had undergone partial resection of the colon for the treatment of colon . . .

A healthy 18-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of progressively worsening involuntary movement of the uvula and soft palate. The movement was repetitive and rhythmic (see video) and had an associated auditory click. . . .

A 69-year-old man was referred for the evaluation of changes to his fingernails that developed after the initiation of chemotherapy with docetaxel–cisplatin–fluorouracil for gastric cancer. Physical examination revealed multiple white lines on the fingernails, known . . .

A 41-year-old woman was evaluated for a 5-month history of dyspnea and cardiac arrhythmia. Chest radiography revealed an enlarged right mediastinum with air content on the right side (Panel A, arrow; and Panel B, lateral . . .

An 18-year-old man who was being treated for Graves' disease presented to the clinic after several months of progressive eye changes. He had received a diagnosis of Graves' disease at 13 years of age . . .

A 26-year-old malnourished woman presented with a 4-day history of mouth pain and a 3-month history of fatigue, general malaise, and palpitations. Physical examination revealed pallor of the conjunctiva and nail beds, as well as . . .

A 37-year-old man with a history of spina bifida presented with an audible knocking sound coming from his abdomen during ambulation. Fifteen years earlier he had undergone a cystectomy with a continent cutaneous urinary diversion . . .

A 25-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who was receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy presented with a 1-week history of diplopia and headache. The CD4 count was 218 cells per cubic millimeter, and . . .

A 4-year-old boy presented with a 5-day history of mild fever and malaise and a 3-day history of a vesicular rash involving his hands (Panel A), feet (Panel B), tongue (Panel C), and buttocks. This . . .

A 58-year-old man with a 10-year history of idiopathic Parkinson's disease presented with an incapacitating freezing of gait (Panel A, Video 1). The patient had severe difficulties initiating gait and was able to take . . .